Resource hub › Reasoning › Seating Arrangement
▢▢▢ ↑ 1 2 3 ◯ ◄►
Reasoning · Chapter 7

Seating Arrangement

Both 2025 shifts opened the reasoning section with a six-person row facing north. Number the seats, place the fixed clue first, and the rest falls into place.

Concept video — watch on the AAI ATC Exam Prep channel
2–3questions per shift
90 secfor a full set
5arrangement types
2verified PYQs inside
Objectives 1. The row and the convention 2. Anchor clues 3. Gap clues 4. Facing south 5. Circular tables Summary Assessment Free PDF
Before you start

Learning objectives and outcomes

These questions are not hard. They are long. The whole skill is ordering the clues so you never have to guess.

Objective 1Number six seats from the left and know that in a north-facing row, left means a lower seat number.
Objective 2Identify the one clue that fixes a person to an exact seat, and place it before anything else.
Objective 3Convert "only two people sit between" into a difference of three seat numbers.
Objective 4Reverse left and right correctly for a south-facing row.
Outcome ABuild a full six-person arrangement in about 90 seconds.
Outcome BUse a negative clue such as "not an immediate neighbour" to eliminate the last ambiguity.
Subtopic 1

The row and the left-right convention

Draw six numbered boxes before you read a single clue. Seat 1 is at the extreme left, seat 6 at the extreme right.

SEAT 1—
SEAT 2—
SEAT 3—
SEAT 4—
SEAT 5—
SEAT 6—
ALL FACING NORTH ↑

Facing north means left is a smaller number

Facing north → the person's left is your left  ·  left = lower seat number
Facing south → the person's left is your right  ·  left = higher seat number

Every AAI seating question so far has specified north, which is the easy case. Read that word anyway — one paper changing it to south would catch out anyone who assumed.

Figure 7.1 — Numbered row with facing direction Six numbered seats in a line with arrows above each showing the north-facing direction, and labels marking "left end" and "right end". Upload image here
✈ AAI ATC relevance — both 2025 shifts opened their reasoning section with a six-person north-facing row
Memory trick — "Boxes before clues"

Never start reading the clues until six numbered boxes are on your paper. Trying to hold positions in your head is the single reason this topic eats time.

EasyATC Pattern
Six people sit in a row facing north. Only two people sit to the left of X. Which seat does X occupy from the left?
If exactly two people sit to the left, those two occupy seats 1 and 2, so X occupies seat 3. "Only two to the left" always means the third seat — this phrasing appears in almost every AAI seating question.
ModerateATC Pattern
In a row of seven people facing north, A is third from the left and B is second from the right. How many people sit between A and B?
A is in seat 3. B is second from the right in a row of seven, so B is in seat 6. Seats 4 and 5 lie between them, which is two people. Converting "from the right" into a seat number before doing anything else prevents the off-by-one error here.
HardATC Pattern
P is fifth from the left end and fourth from the right end of a row. How many people are in the row?
Add the two positions and subtract one, because P has been counted twice: 5 + 4 − 1 = 8. Forgetting to subtract the one gives nine, which is the planted wrong option.
Advertisement
Subtopic 2 · highest yield

Anchor clues — start where the answer is certain

Among four or five clues, exactly one usually pins a person to a definite seat. That is your anchor. Place it first, then work outwards. Starting with a relative clue instead forces you to test cases you never needed.

Which clues are anchors

"Only two people sit to the left of P" → P is in seat 3
"Only one person sits to the right of Q" → Q is in seat 5
"R sits at one of the extreme ends" → R is in seat 1 or 6

The first two are hard anchors — a single seat, no alternatives. The third is a soft anchor with two options, so use it second.

Figure 7.2 — Anchor first, then build outwards The six-seat row with one seat filled in bold from the anchor clue and dotted arrows showing the order in which the remaining clues are applied. Upload image here
Memory trick — "Find the seat number in the clue"

Scan all the clues once and look for the one that names a count from an end. That clue is worth a definite seat, and everything else hangs off it.

Worked example — 2025 Shift 2 paper

Six students — Adi, Poonam, Moni, Bulbul, Shikha and Arun — sit in a straight line facing north. Only one person sits to the right of Arun. Only two people sit between Moni and Bulbul. Only one person sits between Bulbul and Poonam. Shikha sits to the immediate left of Adi. Adi is not an immediate neighbour of Moni.

  1. Anchor: only one person to the right of Arun puts Arun in seat 5.
  2. Two people between Moni and Bulbul means their seat numbers differ by 3. The available pairs are 1 and 4, or 3 and 6.
  3. Take Moni in 1 and Bulbul in 4. One person between Bulbul and Poonam means Poonam is in 2 or 6. Seat 2 leaves seats 3 and 6 for Shikha and Adi, which are not adjacent, so Poonam must be in 6.
  4. That leaves seats 2 and 3 for Shikha and Adi, and Shikha immediately left of Adi gives Shikha in 2 and Adi in 3.
  5. Check the last clue: Adi in seat 3 has neighbours in seats 2 and 4 — Shikha and Bulbul, not Moni. Valid.
  6. Final row: Moni, Shikha, Adi, Bulbul, Arun, Poonam. The extreme left end is Moni.
SEAT 1Moni
SEAT 2Shikha
SEAT 3Adi
SEAT 4Bulbul
SEAT 5Arun
SEAT 6Poonam
2025 SHIFT 2 · SOLVED ARRANGEMENT
EasyATC Pattern
Six people sit in a row facing north. Only one person sits to the right of Q. Which seat does Q occupy?
If exactly one person sits to Q's right, that person occupies seat 6 and Q occupies seat 5. Option 2 is for anyone who reads "one person to the right" as "at the right end".
ModeratePYQ 2025 · Shift 2
Six students — Adi, Poonam, Moni, Bulbul, Shikha and Arun — are sitting in a straight line facing north. Who sits on the extreme left end?
  • Only one person sits to the right of Arun.
  • Only two people sit between Moni and Bulbul.
  • Only one person sits between Bulbul and Poonam.
  • Shikha sits to the immediate left of Adi.
  • Adi is not an immediate neighbour of Moni.
Arun anchors to seat 5. The Moni–Bulbul gap of three and the Bulbul–Poonam gap of two force Moni into seat 1, Bulbul into 4 and Poonam into 6. Shikha and Adi then take seats 2 and 3 in that order, and the final clue confirms it. Moni is on the extreme left.
HardPYQ 2025 · Shift 2
Using the same arrangement, who sits third to the right of Shikha?
Shikha is in seat 2. Third to the right means three seats higher, which is seat 5 — Arun. Once the row is built, follow-up questions like this cost five seconds each, which is why building the full row is always worth the time.
Advertisement
Subtopic 3

Gap clues and negative clues

"Only one person sits between A and B" is not the same as "A and B are two apart" until you convert it. Get the conversion automatic and these questions stop being slow.

Converting gap language into arithmetic

n people between A and B  →  seat difference = n + 1
A sits kth to the left of B  →  seat of A = seat of B − k

Note that a gap clue gives you a difference but not a direction, so it always produces two possible placements. A "kth to the left" clue gives you both difference and direction, so it produces only one.

Negative clues come last

"R is not an immediate neighbour of T" can never place anyone. It only removes an option. Apply every positive clue first, and use the negative clue at the end to break the final tie — that is exactly the job it does in both 2025 questions.

Figure 7.3 — Gap clue producing two placements A six-seat row showing the two mirror placements that a single gap clue allows, with the negative clue crossing one of them out. Upload image here
Memory trick — "Between plus one"

Two people between means a difference of three. One person between means a difference of two. Write the number down as a difference the moment you read the clue.

Worked example — 2025 Shift 1 paper

Six students — Tejas, Rashmi, Pragya, Amit, Shiva and Vijay — sit in a straight line facing north. Tejas sits second to the left of Vijay. Only one student is between Vijay and Amit. Only two are to the left of Pragya. Rashmi is not an immediate neighbour of Tejas.

  1. Anchor: only two to the left of Pragya puts Pragya in seat 3.
  2. Tejas is second to the left of Vijay, so Tejas equals Vijay minus 2. The candidate pairs are 1 and 3, 2 and 4, 3 and 5, or 4 and 6 — but seat 3 is taken by Pragya, so only 2 and 4, or 4 and 6, survive.
  3. Try Tejas in 4 and Vijay in 6. One student between Vijay and Amit means a difference of 2, so Amit would be in seat 4 or 8. Both are impossible, so this case dies.
  4. So Tejas is in 2 and Vijay in 4. Amit is then two from Vijay, in seat 2 or 6. Seat 2 is Tejas, so Amit is in 6.
  5. Seats 1 and 5 remain for Rashmi and Shiva. Rashmi cannot neighbour Tejas in seat 2, which rules out seat 1, so Rashmi takes seat 5 and Shiva seat 1.
  6. Final row: Shiva, Tejas, Pragya, Vijay, Rashmi, Amit. Second to the left of Pragya is seat 1 — Shiva.
SEAT 1Shiva
SEAT 2Tejas
SEAT 3Pragya
SEAT 4Vijay
SEAT 5Rashmi
SEAT 6Amit
2025 SHIFT 1 · SOLVED ARRANGEMENT
EasyATC Pattern
In a row facing north, only two persons sit between M and N. If M is in seat 2, which seat can N occupy?
Two people between means a seat difference of three. From seat 2 that gives seat 5, since seat −1 does not exist. This is why a gap clue near an end of the row is often as good as an anchor.
ModeratePYQ 2025 · Shift 1
Six students — Tejas, Rashmi, Pragya, Amit, Shiva and Vijay — are sitting in a straight line facing north. Who sits second to the left of Pragya?
  • Tejas sits second to the left of Vijay.
  • Only one student is between Vijay and Amit.
  • Only two are to the left of Pragya.
  • Rashmi is not an immediate neighbour of Tejas.
Pragya anchors to seat 3. Tejas and Vijay must take seats 2 and 4, which forces Amit into seat 6. The negative clue about Rashmi then puts her in seat 5 and Shiva in seat 1. Second to the left of Pragya is seat 1, which is Shiva.
HardPYQ 2025 · Shift 1
Using the same arrangement, who sits at the extreme right end?
The solved row is Shiva, Tejas, Pragya, Vijay, Rashmi, Amit, so seat 6 is Amit. Notice that Amit's position came from a gap clue that had only one workable placement — that clue did more work than it appeared to.
Advertisement
Subtopic 4

Facing south and mixed rows

A south-facing row reverses every left and right in the question, but not the seat numbering on your page. Keep the numbering fixed and flip only the language.

The reversal rule

North-facing: "left of" → lower seat number
South-facing: "left of" → higher seat number

The safest habit is to keep drawing seats 1 to 6 from your left every time, and mark a small arrow above the row for the facing direction. Then translate each clue as you read it rather than redrawing the row backwards.

Figure 7.4 — North row and south row compared Two identical six-seat rows, one with upward arrows and one with downward arrows, showing how "second to the left of seat 4" points to different seats in each. Upload image here
Memory trick — "Flip the words, not the row"

Redrawing the row backwards is how people lose track halfway through. Keep the boxes fixed and translate each clue as it comes.

EasyATC Pattern
A person is facing south. Their left hand points towards which direction?
Facing south, north is behind, west is to the right and east is to the left. This is the mirror of the north-facing case, which is exactly why seating questions specify the direction.
ModerateATC Pattern
Six people sit in a row facing south. Only two people sit to the left of X. Counting from your left as you look at the row, which seat does X occupy?
Because they face south, X's left is your right. X is third from their left, which means third from your right — and third from the right in a row of six is seat 4 counting from your left. Option 1 is the answer you get by forgetting to flip.
HardATC Pattern
A and B stand facing each other. A is facing north. In which direction does B's right hand point?
If A faces north and they face each other, B must face south. For someone facing south, the right hand points west. Anyone who answers east has used A's orientation rather than B's.
Advertisement
Subtopic 5

Circular tables

Round a table the same clue language applies, but left and right now mean clockwise and anticlockwise — and which is which depends on whether people face the centre or face outward.

The two cases

Facing the centre: left is clockwise, right is anticlockwise
Facing outward: left is anticlockwise, right is clockwise

In a circle of n people, the person directly opposite is n ÷ 2 seats away in either direction — so with eight people, seat 1 faces seat 5.

Figure 7.5 — Facing centre versus facing outward Two circles of eight seats side by side, one with arrows pointing inward and one outward, each marked with which way "left" runs. Upload image here
Memory trick — "Inward means left is clockwise"

Picture yourself sitting at the table facing the middle. Your left hand sweeps clockwise around the rim. Flip it when everyone turns their backs to the centre.

EasyATC Pattern
Eight people sit around a circular table at seats numbered 1 to 8 clockwise. Which seat is directly opposite seat 1?
With eight seats, the opposite seat is four away. Adding four to seat 1 gives seat 5. Option 1 is the answer for anyone who divides eight by two and then counts the starting seat as one of the four.
ModerateATC Pattern
Six people sit around a circular table facing the centre, in clockwise order A, B, C, D, E, F. Who sits third to the left of A?
Facing the centre, left runs clockwise. Three seats clockwise from A gives B, then C, then D. The answer is D, which is also the person directly opposite A in a circle of six.
HardATC Pattern
Eight people sit around a circular table facing outward, in clockwise order A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H. Who sits second to the left of C?
Because they face outward, left runs anticlockwise. Two seats anticlockwise from C gives B, then A. The answer is A. Option 2 is what you get by applying the facing-centre rule instead, which is the whole point of the question.
Advertisement
Exam strategy

Six tips that hold in the AAI ATC hall

Draw six boxes firstBefore reading any clue. Always.
Find the anchorThe clue that counts from an end gives you a definite seat.
Between plus oneTwo between means a difference of three. Convert it immediately.
Negative clues lastThey eliminate, never place. Save them for the final tie-break.
Build the whole rowFollow-up questions on the same set then cost seconds each.
Read the facing wordNorth or south changes every left and right in the question.
Quick revision

Chapter summary sheet

NumberingSeat 1 at the extreme left, seat 6 at the extreme right.
Only two to the leftMeans seat 3. Only one to the right means seat 5.
Gap conversionn people between gives a seat difference of n + 1.
Directional clue"kth to the left of" gives difference and direction, so only one placement.
2025 Shift 1Shiva, Tejas, Pragya, Vijay, Rashmi, Amit.
2025 Shift 2Moni, Shikha, Adi, Bulbul, Arun, Poonam.
South-facingLeft becomes the higher seat number. Flip the words, not the row.
Circle, facing centreLeft is clockwise, right is anticlockwise.
Opposite seatIn a circle of n, add n ÷ 2 to the seat number.

↓ Free download — Seating Arrangement question PDF

Practice covering all five arrangement types, with printed blank seat rows and circular tables so you can build each arrangement by hand. Print it, solve it, keep it.

End of chapter

Comprehensive assessment

Multiple choice and assertion–reason, building in difficulty. Full solutions are in the downloadable PDF above.

A · Multiple choice questions

1. Six people face north. Only two sit to the left of X. Which seat does X occupy?
2. Six people face north. Only one sits to the right of Q. Which seat does Q occupy?
3. In a row of seven facing north, A is third from the left and B is second from the right. How many sit between them?
4. P is fifth from the left and fourth from the right. How many people are in the row?
5. Only two persons sit between M and N. If M is in seat 2, which seat can N occupy?
6. Who sits second to the left of Pragya in the 2025 Shift 1 arrangement? PYQ 2025 · Shift 1
7. Who sits at the extreme right end of the 2025 Shift 1 arrangement? PYQ 2025 · Shift 1
8. Who sits on the extreme left end in the 2025 Shift 2 arrangement? PYQ 2025 · Shift 2
9. Who sits third to the right of Shikha in the 2025 Shift 2 arrangement? PYQ 2025 · Shift 2
10. A person faces south. Their left hand points towards which direction?
11. Six face south. Only two sit to the left of X. Which seat from your left does X occupy?
12. A and B face each other and A faces north. In which direction does B's right hand point?
13. Eight sit around a circle numbered 1 to 8 clockwise. Which seat is opposite seat 1?
14. Six sit around a circle facing the centre in clockwise order A to F. Who sits third to the left of A?
15. Eight sit around a circle facing outward in clockwise order A to H. Who sits second to the left of C?

B · Assertion and reason

16. Assertion: "Only two people sit to the left of P" places P in seat 3. Reason: In a north-facing row, the seats to a person's left are the lower-numbered ones.
17. Assertion: A clue saying "R is not an immediate neighbour of T" can place R in a definite seat. Reason: Negative clues carry the same information as positive ones.
18. Assertion: "Only two people sit between M and B" means their seat numbers differ by three. Reason: The count of people between two seats is one less than the difference of the seat numbers.
19. Assertion: A gap clue on its own usually allows two placements. Reason: A gap clue gives the size of the difference but not its direction.
20. Assertion: Around a circular table, a person facing outward has their left running clockwise. Reason: Turning to face away from the centre reverses clockwise and anticlockwise.
Advertisement

The longest reasoning questions, now the fastest.

Live classes cover every reasoning, aptitude, English and GK topic straight from the real papers, with the shortcut for each question type drilled until it is automatic.